Ingot-press



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shet 1.

E. B. MEATYARD.

INGOT PRESS.

No. 290.448. Patented Dec. 18, 1883.

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STATE PATENT FHCE.

EDXVARD B. MEATYARD, OF LAKE GENEVA, VISCONSIN.

INGOTQPRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 290,448, dated December18, 188

I Application filed May 511, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD B. MEATYARD,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Lake Geneva, in the countyof Valworth and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Ingot-Presses, which are fully set forth in thefollowing specificatron, reference being had to the accompany- 1ngdrawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a side elevation, partly insection, of a press embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, an end elevationof the same; Fig. 3, a plan section of the same, taken on the line .9000, Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a vertical section of the same, takenon the line yy,Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a detail plan section taken on the line 1: 22, Fig. 1,on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 6, a vertical section of the same, takenon the line 10 w, Fig. 5.

The same letters denote the same parts in all the figures.

The object of my invention is to provide a powerful press, the operationof which will drive out all the air, gas, and liquid cinders and makethe ingots dense and pure, and also to provide for the employment of twoor more presses, arranged in line one-half on each side of thetoggle-operating mechanism by which the presses are worked.

I will proceed to describe-in detail the construction and operation ofthe presses embodying my invention, and will then point out definitelyin the claims the special improvements which I believe to be new andwish to protect by Letters Patent.

In the drawings, A represents the pressframe, which in this instance isintended for a pair of pressesone at each end. The bedpieces A and thehead-pieces A are fitted to the upper and lower beams of the frame, andthe whole secured together by strong vertical rods a, provided withnuts, by means of which the proper deflection is brought upon the beamsfor a safe load, these rods being in closed by cylinders a between thebed and head pieces for the purpose of properly dis.- tancing them. Twoof the upper beams, of, run across from end to end, being arranged nearthe outside of the frame, and two corresponding lower beams, cf, alsoextend across from end to end of the machine. A central upright frame,B, is arranged between the two 'oted at their outer ends, respectively,to these blocks, and are bifurcated at their inner ends,

so as to obtain awide bearing at the knucklenuts E, to which their innerends are respectively pivoted. The knuckle-nuts E are arranged on anordinary right-and-left-hand screw, F, and a worm-wheel, G, is centrallyconnected to this screw shaft between the knuckle-nuts.

A worm-shaft, II, is held at its inner end to the worm-gear by a strap,9, and at its outer end is mounted in a movable journal, h, andconnected by a link-rod, h,to the worm-shaft, as shown in Fig. 4' of thedrawings. On the outer end of the shaft is a pulley, H, by means ofwhich the necessary motion is given to the shaft to turn the screw ineither direction, as may be desired. Each press is provided with apress-toggle, I, composed of a toggle-block, '5, connected by upper andlower toggle-arms, i, pivoted, respectively, to the head-piece of thepress and the followers K. These togglearms are arranged in pairsonepair above the block and one pair belowas shown in the drawings, and arepreferably in the same vertical planerunning lengthwise of the press.The toggle-blocks 7: are connected by guide toggle-arms J to theguide-blocks, to which the actuating-toggles are also connected, theselatter being all pivoted together at their outer ends by the same pins,while the guide-toggles are pivoted at their inner or lower ends totheir respective press-toggle blocks. The followers K are connectedtogether by beams L, which are arranged one on each side of the pressesoutside of the vertical guide-bars, to hold the followers at a properdistance apart. Upright guide-bars Z are attached to the inside of thebeams, being fitted alongside the upright beams b, and connectedtogether at their upper and lower ends by cross-bars Z. Truss-bars Zextend from the guide-bars Z to the beams L, these truss-bars beingarranged one above and one below the beam. The followers are kept in alevel position one way by reason of the press-toggles being arranged inpairs, always parallel, and the other way by the width of thepress-toggles, and from the description above it is obvious that thesaid followers will be held apart by the strong trussbeams described,which are provided with long guides, which keep the beams level in theirvertical movement.

In the drawings I have shown my improved press applied to casting ofsteel tires for car or other wheels, though of course I do not wish tobe understood as limiting my invention to this particular purpose.

It is well known that it requires no more power to compress a nest ofmolds than it does to compress one. I have shown a series of molds, M,arranged in each press in nests, these molds being for the casting ofsteel tires, as mentioned above. In the rim of each mold, on each sideof the ingate, short dovetail grooves or notches in are connected,extending down a short distance. For the purpose of pouring, I providewhat may be called a main or general gate, N, which is provided withdovetail projections n on one side, adapted to fit the dovetail groovesin the molds, whereby it is attached to the molds, as shown in Figs. 5and 6 of the drawings. This gate is provided with branch gates n, whichconstitute the ingates to the respective molds, and the mode ofattaching it to the molds prevents it from interfering with the pressinghome of several molds when the press is put in operation. The jointsbetween the several molds are stopped by a cord of asbestus, or mineralwool, as it is sometimes called, or some other analogous material, whichmay be held in place by mueilaginous paste or coaltar, to prevent thesand backing from entering the mold. The ingates can be readily closedby a plunger drop into the main gate N, so as to force its contents intothe molds just before the power is applied. The vent should be at thehighest point of casting to allow any light impurity free egress.Obviously, each lower mold, as it is filled, heats the one above, and sothe metal is kept at a high temperature, and is in this condition whenthe press is put in operation. The molds are connected together; and totheir respective followers by links O, as shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings. Now, as soon as the molds are filled, if the crank-shaft beset in motion in the proper direction, obviously a greater pressure willspeedily be brought upon the molds. Itwill be seen that through theoperation of the screw and the knuckle-nut the press-toggles will bestraightened by the great force applied to them through the operation ofthe two sets of toggle-arms described above, and the metal being at ahigh temperature when the final squeeze is made. the air, gas, cinders,&c., will be expelled and a pure dense casting produced.

As stated above, I have shown my press applied to nests or molds, theselatter being of special form. Itis obvious, however, that the press isapplicable to molds of any form, and to include single molds as well asnests of molds. I do not wish to be understood, then, as limiting myinvention to any particular form of molds, or to the arrangement ofmolds as nests; but I do wish to be understood as claiming my improvedpress applied to molds of any form, either singly or in nests.

It is obvious that metallic molds must be thick and well lined withsuitable paste to keep the heat in the operated metal until the presscloses and crushes out the friable packing from the joints, and givevent to the air, gas, and cinders. A thin flanged ring of metal may beused in the joints to hold the sand or other friable packing fromentering the molds until the hot metal rises to melt it out and give itvent at once.

I think it must be obvious with my improved press that metal can beworked at much higher temperature than by hammer or rolls, which modesare well known and have been employed for the purpose expressed above.Hydraulic presses have also been used in casting for the purpose ofpressing hot metal and securing the results named. I think it is alsoobvious that my improved press is adapted to secure better results thanthe hydraulic press, and in a hydraulic press the power must beincreased as the resistance increases.

The usual way of storing power to these presses is by pumping water intoan accumulater against multiplied atmospheric resist ance of any numberof atmospheres. Now, it

is apparent that as the water passes out of the accumulator to operatethe press the atmospheric pressure in the accumulator diminishes. In myimproved press the effect of the power is steadily augmented as themetal under treatment becomes harder, and consequently the resistancegreater by means of the system of grooves and lever above described bythe final effort when the press-toggles are straightened, if theoperation is carried so far. The value of this method of pressing steelwhile it is hot enough to part with such foreign elements as are of lessspecific density than the steel is well understood, and therefore Ithink the advantages of my press mentioned above will also be wellunderstood in the application of my press to this purpose.

I have shown and described one stand of presses arranged on each side ofthe operating mechanism. It is obvious, however, that additional standsmay be fitted up on each side, provided, however, that the pressesemployed must always be of even number, arranged equally on each side ofthe operating mechanism. It will only be necessary to duplicate thebed-pieces and head-pieces and press-toggles connecting the latter toaccomplish the result named above.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting I myself to the devicesherein shown and described for operating the toggles, for instead of thescrew-gear some other suitable mechanism may be used for the purpose ofdrawing the actuating-toggles together in operating the press, and, infact, the actuating-toggles themselves may be dispensed with, and somesuitable mechanism substituted in place of that shown for the purpose ofoperating the guide-toggles.

Obviously, the mechanism for pouring and filling the nests of moldsconstitute no part of my present invention,which relates to the press,and I do not claim this mechanism. in this present application; but Ireserve the right to file a separate application therefor, if necessary.

Having thus described my invention, wh at I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a toggle-press, each follower, in combination with itstoggle-block, and a pair of toggle-arms connecting the follower to itstoggle-block, whereby the said follower is maintained in planes parallelwith its bed-plate, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In atoggle-press, thefollowers K, in combination with toggle-blocks iand toggle-arms i, arranged in pairs, one pair pivoted to the toggleblock and the corresponding headpiece of the press, and the other pairpiv oted to the toggle-block and its respective follower, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a toggle-press, one or more pairs of followers arranged evenly oneach side of the actuating mechanism, in combination with toggle-blocksfor the respective followers,toggle-arms arranged in pairs andconnecting the followers to their respective blocks by a pair of arms toeach block, and mechanism whereby the press toggles and followers areall operated simultaneously, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

4. The press-toggles, in combination with the guides to which the innerend of the guidetoggles are pivoted and mechanism for spreading theguidetoggles to operate the presstoggles, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

5. The press-toggles I, in combination with the guide-toggles J, theguide-blocks G, the upright guideways b, and mechanism for oppurposesset forth.

crating the guide-toggles, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

6. The press-toggles, ir; combination with the guide-toggles, guideblocks, to which the inner ends of the latter are pivoted, the actuating-toggles, the knuckle-nuts, the actuating-screw, and suitablemechanism for turning said screw, substantially as and for the 6o 7. Thepress-toggles I, in combination with the guide-toggles J, theguide-blocks G, the guide-beams B, the guide-toggles D, the knuckle-nutsE, and the wor1n-shaft H, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

8. The press-toggles, in combination with the guide-toggles andguide-blocks, to which the inner ends of the guide-toggles are pivotedand arranged in suitable guideways, and mechanism whereby saidguide-blocks are moved to operate the press-toggles, substantially asdescribed.

9. The knuckle-nuts, in combination with the actuating-toggles and theguide-toggles, and guide-pin fastening the ends of both sets of togglesby a single pin to the guide-blocks, substantially as described.

10. In a toggle-press, one or more pairs of followers, in combinationwith connectingbars, whereby the followers are maintained at a properdistance apart, a toggle-block for each of the followers, and a pair oftogglearms connecting each follower to its respective block, whereby thelevel position of the follower is maintained, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

11. The followers, in combination with the distancing-beams connectingsaid followers together, and a guide attached to the central portion ofthe beams, whereby the lateral movement of the distancing-bars risingfrom inequalities of resistance is prevented, sub stantially asdescribed.

12. The followers K, in combination with the distancing-bars L, theguide-bars Z, the

truss-bars Z, and the upright beams 1), substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

EDWARD B. MEATYARD.

\Vitnesses:

W. O. GoRLIEs, M. I. HAMMILL.

